Spacecraft technology involves the design, development, and operation of vehicles and systems used for space exploration, communication, satellite deployment, and other missions beyond Earth's atmosphere. This area of research encompasses a wide range of disciplines, including aerospace engineering, materials science, propulsion systems, robotics, and computer science. Some key technologies used in spacecraft include propulsion systems for reaching and maneuvering in space, communication systems for transmitting data back to Earth, navigation systems for precise positioning, and thermal control systems for regulating temperature in the vacuum of space. Advances in spacecraft technology have made it possible to explore the solar system, study the universe, and enable communication and navigation services that are critical to modern society.